Mortgage by CountyWhat home buyers actually paid, county by county

Independent analysis of official mortgage recordsHMDA 2025 · 7,155,718 applications

State report · HMDA 2025

South Dakota mortgages and home buyers, 2025

Incomes, down payments, rates, loan costs, denials and lenders across South Dakota's 66 counties, from official HMDA records.

HMDA 2025 data released June 23, 2026

In 2025, lenders reported 8,133 home-purchase mortgages for owner-occupied, single-family homes in South Dakota. The median buyer borrowed $285,000 on a home valued at $335,000 and reported a household income of $100,000.

Buyers financed a median 93% of the home's value (roughly 7% down), paid a median 6.49% on 30-year fixed conventional loans and faced median conventional loan costs of $4,750.

Lenders denied 6.9% of completed home-purchase applications.

Purchase loans
8,133
263 lenders active
Buyer income
$100,000
U.S. $116,000
Down payment
7%
U.S. 10%
30-yr fixed rate
6.49%
U.S. 6.625%
Loan costs
$4,750
Conventional · U.S. $5,570
FHA limit 2026
$541K–$542K
1-unit home, by county

Key facts

  • Home buyers' median income ($100,000) is 14% lower than the U.S. median ($116,000).
  • The median 30-year fixed conventional rate here was 13 basis points below the U.S. median (6.625%).
  • Median conventional loan costs ($4,750) were 15% lower than the U.S. median ($5,570).
  • The most common age bracket among borrowers was 25–34 (34.6% of purchase loans).
  • 46.3% of purchase mortgages had a single borrower with no co-applicant.
  • The most-cited reason for denial was debt-to-income ratio (38.7% of denials with a stated reason).

The 2026 conforming limit is $832,750 for a one-unit home in every South Dakota county. See every South Dakota county's 2026 FHA and conforming loan limits.

South Dakota counties compared

Click a column to sort. Medians shown with at least 30 loans.

CountyPurchase loansMedian loanBuyer incomeDown payment30-yr rateLoan costsDenial rateFHA limit
Aurora County13——————$541,287
Beadle County110$185,000$75,0005.0%—$3,45016.7%$541,287
Bennett County2——————$541,287
Bon Homme County36$155,000$67,000———17.8%$541,287
Brookings County264$285,000$113,00015.0%6.375%$4,9608.0%$541,287
Brown County252$235,000$87,0005.0%6.500%$4,3707.3%$541,287
Brule County21——————$541,287
Buffalo County0——————$541,287
Butte County110$265,000$90,0005.0%6.625%$4,9008.1%$541,287
Campbell County4——————$541,287
Charles Mix County24——————$541,287
Clark County19——————$541,287
Clay County89$235,000$97,00010.0%6.375%$3,34013.6%$541,287
Codington County257$245,000$90,00010.0%6.500%$4,6305.5%$541,287
Corson County0——————$541,287
Custer County71$355,000$110,00020.0%6.625%$5,7606.4%$541,287
Davison County154$235,000$87,0009.0%6.375%$4,2906.6%$541,287
Day County25——————$541,287
Deuel County33$245,000$84,000———8.3%$541,287
Dewey County1——————$541,287
Douglas County15——————$541,287
Edmunds County16——————$541,287
Fall River County74$245,000$94,0005.0%6.500%$4,99011.8%$541,287
Faulk County9——————$541,287
Grant County69$195,000$94,0007.0%6.490%$4,7609.2%$541,287
Gregory County16——————$541,287
Haakon County8——————$541,287
Hamlin County61$245,000$84,0005.1%——10.3%$541,287
Hand County14——————$541,287
Hanson County21——————$541,287
Harding County4——————$541,287
Hughes County150$245,000$97,00010.0%6.250%$4,9705.0%$541,287
Hutchinson County59$175,000$72,0005.0%6.125%—9.2%$541,287
Hyde County9——————$541,287
Jackson County2——————$541,287
Jerauld County9——————$541,287
Jones County4——————$541,287
Kingsbury County44$225,000$90,00015.1%——15.4%$541,287
Lake County102$265,000$99,0005.0%6.500%$4,58011.3%$541,287
Lawrence County256$335,000$111,00012.4%6.490%$5,8006.7%$541,650
Lincoln County996$315,000$114,00010.0%6.490%$4,9604.6%$541,287
Lyman County9——————$541,287
McCook County70$215,000$75,0005.0%—$3,94013.4%$541,287
McPherson County12——————$541,287
Marshall County13——————$541,287
Meade County301$365,000$118,0005.0%6.625%$5,7904.4%$541,287
Mellette County1——————$541,287
Miner County8——————$541,287
Minnehaha County2,369$285,000$98,0006.7%6.375%$4,5705.3%$541,287
Moody County40$195,000$80,0005.0%——7.0%$541,287
Oglala Lakota County0——————$541,287
Pennington County1,311$325,000$102,0005.0%6.500%$5,5805.0%$541,287
Perkins County6——————$541,287
Potter County12——————$541,287
Roberts County30$165,000—15.0%——14.3%$541,287
Sanborn County6——————$541,287
Spink County11——————$541,287
Stanley County16——————$541,287
Sully County13——————$541,287
Todd County0——————$541,287
Tripp County23—————22.6%$541,287
Turner County78$275,000$104,0005.0%6.500%$4,9709.3%$541,287
Union County167$305,000$117,00010.0%6.575%$4,5409.1%$541,287
Walworth County26—————9.7%$541,287
Yankton County187$245,000$100,00010.0%6.375%$3,4006.9%$541,287
Ziebach County0——————$541,287

Who bought homes in South Dakota

Home-purchase mortgages for owner-occupied, single-family (1–4 unit) site-built homes, first liens, originated in 2025.

Purchase loans
8,133
of 8,856 applications
Buyer income
$100,000
Middle half $71,000–$144,000
Home value
$335,000
Middle half $255,000–$435,000
Loan amount
$285,000
Middle half $215,000–$365,000
Down payment
7%
34.7% put 20%+ down
Single borrower
46.3%
No co-applicant

Values are medians; "middle half" is the 25th to 75th percentile.

Loan type

Conventional 62.9% 5,112
FHA 20.7% 1,683
VA 14.4% 1,175
USDA 2.0% 163

What the homes were for

Primary residence 94.4% 8,459
Second home 2.5% 220
Investment property 3.1% 280

All first-lien, closed-end purchase mortgages, including second homes and investors.

Borrower age

Under 25 13.4%
25–34 34.6%
35–44 23.1%
45–54 13.3%
55–64 9.1%
65–74 4.9%
75 and over 1.6%

Debt-to-income ratio

Under 20% 3.7%
20–29% 14.0%
30–35% 16.4%
36–42% 26.7%
43–49% 31.6%
50–60% 6.3%
Over 60% 1.3%

Monthly debts (including the new payment) as a share of income, as used in underwriting.

What borrowing cost in South Dakota

Medians for 2025 home-purchase loans. Total loan costs are section D of the Loan Estimate/Closing Disclosure (lender and third-party loan charges, excluding taxes, prepaids and escrow). FHA and VA costs include the upfront mortgage insurance premium or VA funding fee, so compare like with like.

MeasureSouth DakotaU.S.
30-year fixed rate · conventional6.490%6.625%
30-year fixed rate · FHA6.125%6.250%
30-year fixed rate · VA6.125%6.125%
15-year fixed rate · conventional5.750%5.875%
Rate spread vs. APOR · conventional+0.03 pts+0.13 pts
Total loan costs · conventional$4,750$5,570
Total loan costs · FHA$8,310$11,310
Total loan costs · VA$6,540$6,490
Origination charges (all loan types)$2,400$1,860
Borrowers paying discount points38.1%51.3%
Points paid, when paid (% of loan)0.76%0.87%
Borrowers receiving lender credits34.6%33.1%
Adjustable-rate mortgages3.5%7.4%
Jumbo loans (above conforming limit)1.4%3.8%

Medians are shown only when at least 30 loans report the field. Rates are those reported at closing; market rates changed during 2025, which the rate spread (APR minus the average prime offer rate on the lock date) adjusts for.

Approvals and denials

South Dakota: 613 of 8,856 completed home-purchase applications were denied (6.9%).

Denial rate

ApplicationSouth DakotaU.S.
Home purchase6.9%8.5%
Conventional5.5%7.1%
FHA10.7%12.5%
VA6.5%8.0%
USDA11.3%12.5%
Refinance15.7%17.9%
Cash-out refinance30.8%33.6%

Main reason for purchase denials

Debt-to-income ratio 38.7%
Credit history 26.2%
Collateral (appraisal/property) 9.7%
Other 8.2%
Insufficient cash (down payment/closing costs) 5.7%
Credit application incomplete 5.7%
Unverifiable information 3.0%
Employment history 2.7%

First reason the lender reported.

Denial rate = denied ÷ (originated + approved but not accepted + denied). Withdrawn and incomplete applications are excluded. Differences between places reflect who applies, not only lender behavior.

Refinancing in South Dakota

Refinances
1,584
Median loan $315,000
Refi rate
6.375%
30-yr fixed, conv.
Refi loan costs
$4,880
Conventional
Cash-out refis
1,327
Median loan $235,000
Cash-out rate
6.625%
30-yr fixed, conv.
Cash-out income
$93,000
Median borrower

Top mortgage lenders in South Dakota

#LenderLoansShareDenial rate30-yr rate*Spread*Costs*
1 Plains Commerce Bank 1,363 12.3% 4.2% 6.375% −0.01 $6,390
2 CMG Mortgage, Inc. 555 5.0% 0.2% 6.625% +0.12 $5,580
3 Rocket Mortgage, LLC 494 4.5% 17.7% 6.750% +0.19 $5,560
4 First Bank & Trust 492 4.5% 11.9% 6.375% −0.07 $5,140
5 First Premier Bank 479 4.3% 13.7% 6.375% −0.08 $3,910
6 First Dakota National Bank 427 3.9% 4.0% 6.375% −0.09 $2,520
7 First International Bank & Trust 388 3.5% 1.3% 6.500% +0.05 $3,650
8 United Wholesale Mortgage (UWM) 379 3.4% 4.6% 6.625% +0.23 $5,850
9 Fairway Independent Mortgage Corporation 322 2.9% 1.7% 6.750% +0.26 $3,370
10 Dacotah Bank 293 2.6% 3.3% 6.500% +0.17 $4,320
11 Black Hills Federal Credit Union 292 2.6% 3.9% 6.250% −0.15 $6,090
12 Veterans United Home Loans 291 2.6% 9.3% — — —
13 American Bank & Trust 267 2.4% 16.7% 6.500% +0.07 $3,570
14 Levo Federal Credit Union 254 2.3% 2.0% 6.250% −0.20 $4,610
15 Central Bank 222 2.0% 1.5% 6.250% −0.09 $5,290
16 Cortrust Mortgage, Inc. 216 2.0% 4.3% 6.375% −0.08 $4,920
17 Bankwest, Inc. 200 1.8% 7.4% 6.125% −0.14 $5,840
18 U.S. Bank, N.A. 193 1.8% 8.8% 6.500% −0.04 $3,540
19 Granite Bank 174 1.6% 7.9% 6.375% +0.15 $4,660
20 Freedom Mortgage Corporation 158 1.4% — — — —
21 CU Mortgage Direct, LLC 158 1.4% 6.8% 6.375% +0.05 $4,530
22 Rate 155 1.4% 5.3% 6.625% +0.16 $4,080
23 CrossCountry Mortgage, Inc. 144 1.3% 0.8% 6.750% +0.37 $5,670
24 First National Bank 142 1.3% 9.9% — — —
25 Service First Federal Credit Union 132 1.2% 2.6% — — —

Largest lenders in South Dakota by 2025 originations. Loans = home-purchase, refinance and cash-out originations (2025); share = share of those loans here; denial rate = home-purchase applications. *Medians for conventional home-purchase loans, shown with at least 20 loans; spread = APR minus the average prime offer rate at rate lock (percentage points); costs = total loan costs (section D).

Metro areas in South Dakota

Source: FFIEC/CFPB HMDA 2025 public LAR; FHFA and HUD 2026 loan limits. Methodology